Ion Yadigaroglu, PhD. early investor in Tesla, SpaceX, and Planet, offers a grounded analysis of where real opportunities lie in the emerging space economy. Using data-driven comparisons between rockets and aircraft, he explains the economics behind launch systems and why some business models make sense while others remain speculative.

He emphasizes the importance of understanding orbital mechanics and energy costs to assess commercial viability. From satellite constellations to long-term human presence in space, Yadigaroglu maps out which sectors may scale and which will face barriers of cost and complexity.

Takeaways:
• Launch cost and energy use define business feasibility in space
• Ground infrastructure is often more critical than space assets
• Telecom and data analytics are still the most scalable applications
• Major ventures require deep capital, patience, and precise timing